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哺乳动物的基因组以发育调控模式进行转录,生成长的和短的非编码RNAs(non-coding RNA,ncRNAs).ncRNAs占到人类转录组的98%,与生物体进化复杂程度显著相关.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是目前研究比较透彻的,长度大约为20~24个核苷酸的ncRNAs,其通过与靶基因mRNA的结合在转录后水平负调控基因的表达.人类基因组中一个最大的miRNA簇位于14号染色体(14q32)的DLK1-DIO3印记区域,包括了54个miRNAs.这些miRNAs通过参与调节重要的信号通路在许多病理过程中发挥作用.充分了解DLK1-DIO3印记区域中这个大的miRNA簇,在病理生理过程中的重要性将有助于为相关疾病的治疗提供新的策略.本文比较深入地分析了DLK1-DIO3印记区域中的miRNAs在调控组织动态平衡以及多种癌症发生中的作用,同时对其潜在的临床应用价值进行了讨论.
Mammalian genomes undergo transcriptional regulation of developmental regulation to generate long and short non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which account for 98% of the human transcriptome and are significantly associated with the complexity of organism evolution.MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) are currently well-studied ncRNAs of about 20 to 24 nucleotides in length, which negatively regulate the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level by their binding to target mRNAs One of the largest miRNA clusters in the human genome is located at 14 The DLK1-DIO3 imprinting region of the chromosome (14q32), which includes 54 miRNAs, plays a role in many pathological processes by participating in the regulation of important signaling pathways.To fully understand this large cluster of miRNAs in the DLK1-DIO3 imprinting region, The importance of pathophysiological processes will help to provide new strategies for the treatment of related diseases.This paper provides a more in-depth analysis of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of tissue homeostasis and various cancers in the DLK1-DIO3 region The potential value of clinical application is discussed.