元代逃奴問題與國家權力

• 作 者: 喬志勇
• 机 构: 暨南大學文學院中外關係研究所,
• 出 处: 中华文史论丛
• 发表日期: 2016年01期
• 关键词: 元代 地方政府 驅口 軍事 朝廷 廉察 元典章 軍驅 公文格式 中都路

元代逃奴案件反映了元代社會的諸多特色,其中“軍驅”的逃亡與元代軍事制度乃至整個國家機器有密切的關係。在追捕逃奴的問題上,軍人通常能繞開地方政府,而普通使長則要受地方政府的限制。朝廷默許軍人追捕逃奴時有使用武力的方便,這是出於國家自身的需要。儘管朝廷也爲了使長的利益而制定逃奴問題的對策,但國家權力的支配遠遠淩駕於主奴關係之上。

The case of the Funeral Slaves of the Yuan Dynasty reflected many characteristics of the society of the Yuan Dynasty. Among them, the escape of the “Army Drive” was closely related to the military system of the Yuan Dynasty and even to the entire country. On the question of pursuing runaway slaves, military personnel are often able to circumvent local governments, while ordinary ones are subject to the restrictions of local governments. The court acquiesced in the ease with which soldiers were chased by the military for the use of force. This is for the sake of the country itself. Although the court also formulated the strategy of running away from slavery for long-term interests, the domination of state power far surpassed that of master-slave relations.