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针对用作高速电机转子导条及端环材料的高强度CuCrZrRE合金存在“550℃退火软化”的缺陷,采取“真空熔铸+等温轧制+精密轧制”方式制备一种新型的AuGeNiCu钎料。利用差热分析仪、光学显微镜和X-射线衍射仪,结合电阻率、润湿性和力学性能测试,研究轧制对钎料组织及强度的影响,考察Cu含量对其润湿性能的影响。结果显示:钎料AuGe10Ni1.5Cu0.5熔化温度为368~544.4℃,满足550℃以下钎焊温度要求;经过多次轧制后,钎料合金组织显著细化,其强度随轧制箔片厚度减小而提高;钎焊接头电阻率为3.61×10-6Ω·cm,与CuCrZrRE基体形成“等电阻率”接头,当AuGe10Ni1.5钎料所含Cu的质量分数增加至0.5%时,其铺展面积是不加铜钎料的1.67倍,润湿性显著改善;钎料AuGe10Ni1.5Cu0.5与母材CuCrZrRE间的钎焊接头剪切强度约为110.5 MPa,完全满足电机转子服役要求。
For the high-strength CuCrZrRE alloy used as high-speed motor rotor bar and end ring material, there is a defect of “annealing and softening at 550 ℃” and adopting “vacuum casting, isothermal rolling and precision rolling” AuGeNiCu solder. The effect of rolling on the microstructure and strength of the brazing filler metal was studied by means of differential thermal analyzer, optical microscope and X-ray diffractometer in combination with resistivity, wettability and mechanical properties. The effect of Cu content on the wetting properties was investigated. The results show that the melting temperature of AuGe10Ni1.5Cu0.5 solders is 368-544.4 ℃, which meets the requirement of brazing temperature below 550 ℃. After several rolling, the microstructure of the brazing alloy is remarkably refined, and its strength varies with the thickness of rolled foil The resistivity of the solder joint is 3.61 × 10-6Ω · cm, forming the “resistivity” joint with the CuCrZrRE matrix. When the mass fraction of Cu contained in the AuGe10Ni1.5 solder increases to 0.5% The spreading area is 1.67 times that without copper brazing filler metal, and the wettability is significantly improved. The shear strength of brazed joint between AuGe10Ni1.5Cu0.5 and CuCrZrRE is about 110.5 MPa, which fully meets the service requirements of the motor rotor.