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前列腺癌(PCa)患者的生存率有赖于早期诊断和治疗,生物学标志往往能在其他手段检出癌症之前揭示其存在。利用前列腺组织中的肿瘤标志物,如前列腺特异膜抗原(PSMA)、高分子量细胞蛋白(CK34βE12)、P63、α-甲酰基辅A-消旋酶(AMACR)、Pca-24、端粒酶和端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)、前列腺特异基因DD3、钙磷脂结合蛋白Ⅲ(Annexin A3)以及谷胱甘肽S转移酶P1(GSTP1)甲基化等,对PCa进行早期诊断简便易行,但是单一指标的敏感性和特异性有限,多种标志物的联合检测将显著提高PCa诊断的准确率,是未来进行肿瘤筛选和早期诊断研究的重要发展趋势。
The survival rate of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) depends on early diagnosis and treatment, biological markers often reveal the presence of cancer before other means. Tumor markers in prostate tissue such as prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), high molecular weight cellular protein (CK34βE12), P63, AMACR, Pca-24, telomerase and The early diagnosis of PCa is simple and easy with hTERT, prostate specific gene DD3, Annexin A3 and GSTP1 methylation, However, the sensitivity and specificity of a single indicator are limited. The combined detection of multiple markers will significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of PCa, which is an important trend in the future for tumor screening and early diagnosis.