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在农田管理中,土壤水分是极其重要的因素.为了对黑河中上游土壤水分进行合理评估,利用黑河流域中游自动气象站数据,采用BBH(Bucket with a Bottom Hole)模型,计算得到位于黑河中游盈科灌区农田的表层土壤水分,并与实测数据进行对比研究.结果表明,该模型模拟流域土壤水分有一定的精度,能够满足农田水分预测和灌溉需水分析的要求;而且该模型需要的参数较少,计算过程简单,获取数据容易.另外选择黑河上游阿柔草地站气象数据,对高山草原的土壤水分动态变化进行模拟计算,同样得到很好的模拟结果.认为BBH模型能够满足不同下垫面类型的土壤水分的模拟要求,具有一定的实用意义.采用参数同定法对模型的参数进行了敏感性分析,确定了模型参数的适用范围和敏感程度.在结合模型模拟与实际观测的基础上,探讨了农田和草地土壤水分的变化规律,结果发现:土壤水分冬春两季变化缓慢,夏秋两季变化剧烈.
In farmland management, soil moisture is an extremely important factor.In order to make a reasonable assessment of soil moisture in the middle and upper reaches of the Heihe River, using the BBH (Bucket with a Bottom Hole) model, The results showed that this model can simulate the soil moisture in the basin with certain accuracy, which can meet the requirements of farmland water prediction and irrigation water demand analysis. Moreover, the model requires fewer parameters , The calculation process is simple and the data acquisition is easy.Secondly, the meteorological data of the Altyncao meadows in the upper reaches of the Heihe River are selected to simulate the dynamic changes of soil moisture in the alpine grasslands, and the simulation results are also obtained well.The BBH model can satisfy different types of underlying surfaces Soil moisture simulation has certain practical significance.Using the same parameters of the parameters of the model sensitivity analysis to determine the scope and sensitivity of the model parameters.Based on the combination of model simulation and actual observations, The farmland and grassland soil moisture changes, the results found: soil Minute changes slowly in winter and spring, summer and fall of rapid change.