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对杉木68个杂交组合7~10年生试验林的杂种优势进行分析,结果表明树高、胸径和材积高于父本和母本的自由授粉子代平均值的组合比例总体上在50%左右;3个生长性状的正向超亲、负向超亲以及介于双亲之间的组合比例,各测定林间差异很大,总体上来看,树高正向超亲略占优势,胸径及材积负向超亲略占优势;树高、胸径、材积的杂种优势分别为-37.5%~14.3%、-39.4%~17.2%和-58.6%~74.1%,材积杂种优势变幅明显大于树高及胸径,3个生长性状各杂种优势区间的组合比例呈正态分布,树高、胸径杂种优势大于10%组合比例分别占8.8%和5.9%,材积杂种优势在30%~60%、60%以上组合比例分别为5.9%和2.9%;通过人工育种培育具有超双亲优势的组合是可行的,在地理间隔较远的优良种源间,或在外省优良种源与本省种源间选择交配亲本,易培育出具有超双亲优势的组合。
The heterosis of 68 Chinese fir hybrids from July to October was analyzed. The results showed that the combination ratio of tree height, diameter at breast height and average free pollination progeny of male and female parents was about 50% The positive rate of super-parents, negative rate of super-parents and the ratio of parents between the three growth traits varied greatly among different forest types. Generally speaking, the tree height positive super-daughter predominance, DBH and volume negative The dominant heterosis of tree height, diameter at breast height and volume were -37.5% -14.3%, -39.4% -17.2% and -58.6% -74.1%, respectively. The amplitude of heterosis of seedlings was significantly larger than that of tree height and diameter at breast height , And the proportion of heterosis in three growth traits showed a normal distribution. The tree height and DBH heterosis of more than 10% accounted for 8.8% and 5.9% respectively, and the heterosis of heterosis was 30% -60% and more than 60% 5.9% and 2.9% respectively. It is feasible to cultivate the combination with super-parents by artificial breeding. It is feasible to choose the best provenance between distant geography or the province and the province’s provenance Bred with a combination of super-parental advantages.