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为考察聚合物含量对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)静电纺丝纳米纤维膜的结构和性能的影响,在二甲基甲酰胺与丙酮质量比为9:1的条件下,制备了无纺布支撑的PVDF静电纺丝纳米纤维膜,进行了聚合物PVDF含量对纺丝液基本性质与膜的形貌结构及分离性能的影响分析。结果表明,提高纺丝液中PVDF含量,纺丝液的表面张力与电导率降低,纳米纤维间珠粒数量减少,纤维直径增大。直接接触式膜蒸馏脱盐应用实验表明,PVDF的质量分数为12%条件下制备的疏水膜,在盐溶液与冷侧循环水温度分别为80℃与20℃时,其通量可达62.38 kg/(m~2·h),产水电导率为8μS/cm,盐截留率达到99.99%以上。
In order to investigate the effect of polymer content on the structure and properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) electrospun nanofibrous membranes, a non-woven fabric support was prepared under the conditions of dimethylformamide and acetone mass ratio of 9: 1 PVDF electrospinning nanofibers were prepared. The influence of the content of PVDF on the basic properties of the spinning solution and the morphology and separation performance of the films was analyzed. The results show that increasing the content of PVDF in the spinning solution decreases the surface tension and conductivity of the spinning solution, reduces the number of beads between nanofibers and increases the fiber diameter. Direct contact membrane distillation desalination application experiments show that the mass fraction of PVDF hydrophobic membrane prepared under 12%, the salt solution and the cold side of the circulating water temperature were 80 ℃ and 20 ℃, the flux up to 62.38 kg / (m ~ 2 · h), water conductivity of 8μS / cm, salt rejection rate of 99.99% or more.