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胰岛素样生长因子(insulin-like growth factors,IGFs)作为一类多功能的促生长调节因子,在细胞的增殖、分裂以及个体的生长、发育中具有重要的促进作用。IGFs分为1型和2型,主要通过与IGF-1受体结合,参与调控妊娠过程中滋养细胞侵袭、物质转运、胎盘血管重塑以及胎儿生长发育等一系列重要生理过程。其中,IGF-1、IGF-2及其相关受体的表达和功能异常可导致胎盘功能不全及胎儿功能生长受限。深入了解IGFs与胎儿生长发育之间的关系对研究胎盘功能代谢、物质转运、胎儿生长发育等具有重要意义。
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), as a kind of multi-functional growth-promoting regulator, play an important role in cell proliferation, division and individual growth and development. IGFs are divided into type 1 and type 2, and they are involved in a series of important physiological processes such as trophoblast invasion, substance transport, placental vascular remodeling, and fetal growth and development during pregnancy through binding to IGF-1 receptor. Among them, the expression and dysfunction of IGF-1, IGF-2 and their related receptors can lead to placental insufficiency and limited fetal growth. A deep understanding of the relationship between IGFs and fetal growth and development of the placenta functional metabolism, substance transport, fetal growth and development of great significance.