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义务教育数学课程标准对第一、第二学段的概率内容一再调整,但通过调查发现,小学数学老师普遍反映概率部分的内容难教,要么太容易,要么太难,对儿童的理解很难把握。[1]学习概率,儿童要从已经习惯了的确定性数学思维方式向随机性数学思维方式转变,而这种转变绝不是一蹴而就的。因此,探查儿童对概率概念的理解有哪些错误,错误的原因是什么,错误是如何随着年龄的发展而变化的,这对于完善课程标准、安排教学内容、开展教学都是十分必要的。一、研究方法我们选取杭州市小学一至六年级的学生,即7~12
Compulsory education math curriculum standards for the first two sections of the probability of repeated adjustments, but the survey found that primary school math teachers generally reflect the probability part of the difficult to teach, either too easy or too difficult for children to understand is difficult grasp. [1] Probability of learning, children should transition from the deterministic mathematical way of thinking they are accustomed to to the stochastic mathematical way of thinking, and this shift is by no means accomplished in a single action. Therefore, it is very necessary to probe into the children’s understanding of the concept of probability, what is the cause of the error and how the mistake changes with the development of the age. This is very necessary for improving the curriculum standard, arranging the teaching content and teaching. First, the research methods We select primary school students in Hangzhou City, a grade six, or 7 to 12