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新疆气候干燥,植被少,有机质含量低且分解快,积累慢,用养不平衡,土壤含有机质普遍在百分之一以下。土壤肥力低,结构差,是现阶段农业发展慢,产量低的主要症结所在,也是影响畜牧业生产的因素之一。要加快农牧业的发展步伐,最重要的,一是靠党的政策,一是靠科学技术。从生产领域而言,加强农业基本建设,迅速恢复和提高土壤肥力,是值得研究探讨的重要课题。从我区农业现状看,增施有机肥、扩种绿肥、推行牧草轮作、实行秩杆还田是改土培肥地力的主要途径。
Xinjiang is characterized by dry climate, few vegetation, low organic matter content, rapid decomposition and slow accumulation, imbalanced use and raising, and generally less than one percent of the soil contains organic matter. Low soil fertility and poor structure are the main problems of slow agricultural development and low output at this stage, as well as one of the factors affecting livestock husbandry production. To speed up the pace of development of agriculture and animal husbandry, the most important one is to rely on the party’s policies and, first, on science and technology. In the area of production, strengthening agricultural infrastructure and rapidly recovering and enhancing soil fertility are important topics worth exploring and discussing. Judging from the present situation of agriculture in our region, increasing organic fertilizers, expanding green manure, and promoting pasture rotation are the main ways to improve soil fertility.