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多孔硅/硝酸钆复合材料因具有爆炸能量高和环境危害小等特点而受到世界各国广泛关注。采用电化学阳极氧化法制备新鲜多孔硅并滴加硝酸钆形成复合材料,表征其化学组成与结构。结果表明,当电解液HF与EtOH体积比为1∶1、电流密度为50mA.cm-2、阳极氧化时间为30min时,形成的多孔硅孔隙率较大,适宜与硝酸钆形成复合材料;与新鲜多孔硅相比,滴加硝酸钆乙醇溶液的多孔硅在1675、1534、1382和1217cm-1出现了4个新的吸收峰,结合N1s和Si2p结合能有明显化学位移的现象,表明硝酸钆乙醇溶液与多孔硅之间存在相互作用,结构中有—NH2形成,表面Si—Hx键被氧化为Si—O键;当电火花触发时,观察到多孔硅/硝酸钆复合材料爆炸现象。
Porous silicon / gadolinium nitrate composite material has attracted worldwide attention for its characteristics of high explosive energy and small environmental hazards. Electrochemical anodic oxidation of fresh porous silicon was prepared and added dropwise with gadolinium nitrate to form a composite material to characterize its chemical composition and structure. The results show that when the volume ratio of HF to EtOH is 1: 1, the current density is 50mA.cm-2 and the anodic oxidation time is 30min, the porosity of porous silicon formed is larger, which makes it suitable to form a composite with gadolinium nitrate. Compared with fresh porous silicon, four new absorption peaks appeared at 1675, 1534, 1382 and 1217cm-1 in the porous silicon solution with gadolinium nitrate solution. The combination of N1s and Si2p showed obvious chemical shift, indicating that gadolinium nitrate Ethanol solution interacted with porous silicon. NH2 was formed in the solution and Si-Hx bonds were oxidized to Si-O bonds. Explosion of porous silicon / gadolinium nitrate composite was observed when sparks were triggered.