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目的了解岳阳市结核病发病水平及流行病学特征,为进一步实施结核病控制策略提供科学依据。方法利用《传染病报告信息管理系统》和《结核病管理信息系统》的统计模块收集岳阳市2009—2013年结核病数据信息,进行处理分析。结果岳阳市2009—2013年报告肺结核病例21 235例,年平均报告发病率为77.14/10万(21 235/27 528 711)。其中,男性报告发病率为109.40/10万(15 631/14 287 401),女性报告发病率为42.32/10万(5 604/13 241 310),男女发病性别比为2.59∶1,男性显著高于女性(χ2=4012.17,P<0.01);以55~64岁组发病率最高(193.05/10万,4 528/2 345 446),0~14岁组发病率最低(1.23/10万,56/4 410 100);职业分布以农民为多,占70.74%(15 022/21 235)。地区分布上发病率最高的为云溪区(94.30/10万,790/837 750),其次为临湘市(86.15/10万,2 246/2 606 950)。结论应加强岳阳市农村地区,特别是老年人群的结核病防治工作,采用现代化结核病控制策略,控制结核病疫情。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Yueyang City and provide a scientific basis for further implementation of tuberculosis control strategies. Methods The statistics module of infectious disease reporting information management system and tuberculosis management information system was used to collect and analyze the data of tuberculosis in 2009 ~ 2013 in Yueyang City. Results In 2009-2013, Yueyang City reported a total of 21 235 pulmonary tuberculosis cases, with an average annual incidence of 77.14 / 100000 (21 235/27 528 711). Among them, the incidence of males was 109.40 / 100,000 (15 631/14 287 401) and the incidence rate of females was 42.32 / 100000 (5 604/13 241 310). The sex ratio of males and females was 2.59:1, which was significantly higher in males (Χ2 = 4012.17, P <0.01). The highest incidence was found in 55-64 years old group (193.05 / 100000, 4 528/2 345 446), and the lowest incidence was found in 0-14 years old group (1.23 / 100000, 56 / 4 410 100). Occupational distribution was dominated by peasants, accounting for 70.74% (15 022/21 235). The highest incidence of geographical distribution was Yunxi District (94.30 / 100,000, 790 / 837,750), followed by Linxiang (86.15 / 100,000, 2,462 / 2,060,950). Conclusions Tuberculosis prevention and treatment should be strengthened in rural areas of Yueyang City, especially in the elderly population. The modern TB control strategy should be adopted to control the outbreak of tuberculosis.