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目的:通过观察急进不同高海拔地区健康成人血氧代谢酶的变化水平,探讨分析血氧代谢酶在急进高原时的应激性变化规律及意义。方法:对急进海拔2260m和4600m地区身体健康的成年人进行随机抽样分组,分急进后的3天以内、(4~14)天和15天以上三个时间段检测血氧代谢物质及酶。结果:①急进高原后,同一海拔水平不同时间段各血氧代谢酶变化规律如下:谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二配醛(MDA)的变化不大,比较稳定;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)有着先升高而后降低的趋势;过氧化物歧酶(SOD)有一定的变化,但相对稳定;腺苷酸(AMP)有着先降后升的特殊变化;②急进不同海拔高度的血氧代谢酶之间的变化:GSH差别非常有显著性,AMP差别有显著性,而GSH-PX、CAT、MDA、SOD差别均无显著性;③急进海拔4600m组和平原地区对比:GSH和GSH-PX差别有显著性,SOD差别有非常显著性,MDA无差别。海拔4600mGSH和GSH-PX高于平原地区,而SOD则低于平原。结论:GSH、GSH-PX、CAT和c-AMP这四项血氧代谢酶在急进高原时,有着较为明显的改变,可反应急性缺氧状态。SOD和MDA可能做为慢性长期高原低氧环境暴露下氧代谢失衡的指标可能较为合适,在评估急性缺氧时价值不大。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of blood oxygen metabolism enzymes in healthy adults at different altitudes, and to explore the regularity and significance of the changes of stress on the oxygen metabolism enzymes in the plateau. Methods: Healthy adults aged 2260m and 4600m above sea level were randomly divided into groups, and blood oxygen metabolites and enzymes were detected in three time periods (4-14 days) and more than 15 days. Results: (1) The changes of oxygen metabolizing enzymes in the same altitudes at different altitudes after stepping into the plateau were as follows: The changes of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) did not change much and were stable; glutathione Oxidase (GSH-PX) and catalase (CAT) increased first and then decreased; while superoxide dismutase (SOD) had some changes, but was relatively stable; adenosine monophosphate (AMP) (2) The changes of blood oxygen metabolism enzymes at different altitudes: the difference of GSH was very significant, the difference of AMP was significant, but the difference of GSH-PX, CAT, MDA and SOD was not significant ; ③Compared with the plain at 4600m altitude, the difference between GSH and GSH-PX was significant, the difference of SOD was very significant, and there was no difference of MDA. 4600mGSH and GSH-PX at altitude were higher than those at plain, while SOD was lower than plain. CONCLUSIONS: The four ox-LDL enzymes, GSH, GSH-PX, CAT and c-AMP, have obvious changes when they are rapidly entering the plateau and can respond to acute hypoxia. It may be more appropriate for SOD and MDA to be indicators of the imbalance of oxygen metabolism during exposure to chronic long-term plateau hypoxia and to be of little value in assessing acute hypoxia.