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目的了解中国麻风菌基因分型图谱,以选择合适麻风病流行病学研究的基因位点。方法从云南省文山州的37例、其他省市的13例麻风患者的皮损活检中,提取麻风菌DNA。以麻风菌基因组内的可变数目的串联重复序列(VNTR)为基因分型的基础,对11个位点进行聚合酶链反应,确定其重复序列的拷贝数。结果中国麻风菌株在GGT5、12-5、21-3、23-3位点的同一性高达 100％;12-5位点仅表现为3个拷贝;AC8、18-8、27-5、rpoT的同一性分别达97％、94％、97％、85％; GTA9、6-7、AC9位点有非常明显的多样性,但GTA9的多样性与其他国家不同。结论中国麻风菌株多数位点的基因型与印度、菲律宾的菌株一致,提示中国麻风菌株与印度和菲律宾的菌株相近; 12-5位点可作为区别中国与周边国家麻风菌株基因分型的标记物;VNTR基因分型方法可应用于麻风病传播链和分布的流行病学研究。
Objective To understand the genotyping map of Chinese leprosy to select the suitable loci for epidemiological studies of leprosy. Methods The leprosy DNA was extracted from 37 cases of Wenshan Prefecture in Yunnan Province and 13 cases of leprosy patients in other provinces. Based on the genotyping of a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the genome of the leprosy, 11 loci were subjected to polymerase chain reaction to determine the copy number of the repeats. Results The results showed that the homologies of Chinese leprosy strains at GGT5,12-5,21-3,23-3 were as high as 100%, 12-5 were only 3 copies, AC8,18-8,27-5, rpoT 97%, 94%, 97% and 85% respectively. The diversity of GTA9, 6-7 and AC9 loci is very different, but the diversity of GTA9 is different from that of other countries. Conclusion The majority of genotypes of Leprosy strains in China are consistent with those in India and the Philippines, suggesting that the strains of Leprosy in China are similar to those in India and the Philippines. The loci 12-5 can be used as markers for genotyping of Leprosy strains in China and neighboring countries The VNTR genotyping method can be applied to the epidemiological study of spread and distribution of leprosy.