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目的分析某锡冶炼厂工人职业性接触性皮炎的患病情况,为职业性皮肤病防治提供科学依据。方法对在2001—2010年健康检查中发现的接触性皮炎患者作回顾性分析。结果锡冶炼作业工人职业性接触性皮炎发病率与空气中砷浓度为正相关关系(r=0.956 1,P<0.01),空气中砷浓度越大,发病率越高,且主要发生在粗炼、精炼、电解车间,发病率分别为5.35%、5.63%、5.88%;平均发病年龄为32.5岁,平均发病工龄为13.5 a。结论改善劳动条件,降低车间内含砷粉尘浓度,是减少职业性接触性皮炎发病的根本措施。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis in a tin smelter and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational dermatosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with contact dermatitis found during the health checkup in 2001-2010. Results The incidence of occupational contact dermatitis in tin-smelting workers was positively correlated with the concentration of arsenic in air (r = 0.956 1, P <0.01). The greater the arsenic concentration in air was, the higher the incidence was. The average morbidity was 5.35%, 5.63% and 5.88% respectively. The average age of onset was 32.5 years and the average length of service was 13.5 years. Conclusion Improving working conditions and reducing the concentration of arsenic dust in the workshop are the fundamental measures to reduce the incidence of occupational contact dermatitis.