油菜适期播种 安全越冬产量高

• 机 构: 山西省晋东南地区农科所
• 出 处: 农业科技通讯
• 发表日期: 1979年07期
• 关键词: 油菜 播期试验 根蛆 试验鉴定 晚播 适宜播期 冻害 试验结果 适期 生长时间

油菜越冬死苗是我区油菜生产上普遍存在的严重问题。由于死苗严重,油菜产量低而不稳,甚大面积毁种,每年损失甚大。为了探寻油菜安全越冬的途径,我所于1971—1975年进行了油菜播期试验,并在8个县16个单位进行了试验鉴定。试验结果表明,我区的适宜播期是8月中旬。以8月15日(立秋)为标准,提前一个节令播种,减产27.1—93.3%,平均减产51.5%;推迟一个节令播种,减产7.5—34.5%,平均减产19.5%,如果提前或推迟两个节令播种,则减产更甚。历年试验表明,晚播油菜冬前生长时间短,不能形成壮苗越冬,冻害严重;但过早播种也不好,早播油菜冬前易吸引大量根蛆产卵,致使油菜烂根严重,冻害也重。

Rape overwintering seedlings is the rapeseed production in our region is a serious problem. Due to severe dead seedlings, low and unstable rapeseed production, a large area of ​​deforestation, each year a huge loss. In order to explore the safe passage of rape through winter, I conducted a sowing date test of rape in 1971-1975 and tested in 16 units of 8 counties. The test results show that the appropriate sowing date in my area is in mid-August. With August 15 (autumn) as the standard, sowing by one order ahead of schedule, cutting output by 27.1-93.3% with an average reduction of 51.5%; postponing planting by one order and reducing yield by 7.5-34.5% with an average reduction of 19.5% Seeding, then cut even worse. Experiments over the years showed that the late sowing rapeseed growth time is short, can not form strong seedlings wintering, severe frost damage; but premature sowing is not good, early sowing rape easy to attract a large number of root maggots oviposition, resulting in severe rape rot, frostbite Also heavy.