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小儿脑瘫是指脑部在发育完全之前,因各种不同原因使脑组织损伤变性所留下的后遗症。主要表现为中枢性运动障碍及姿势异常,并经常合并有精神发育迟滞、癫痫、视听觉及语言、摄食等障碍。引起脑瘫的原因复杂,约有15%—20%的病例找不出明显的发病原因。一般地说,胎儿在母亲的子宫内缺氧窒息,分娩时新生儿缺氧窒息。早产或分娩过程中婴儿脑部损伤都是导致脑性瘫痪的重要原因。其次,孕妇的先兆流产和妊娠毒血症,孕妇的腹部外伤,孕妇本身的某些慢性疾病,胎儿在母体内受感染,胎儿生长过于缓慢,孕妇产前出血,新生儿脑部感染或颅脑损伤,脑血管意外,新生儿核黄疸等因素均有可能引起脑性瘫痪。某些先天性的畸形和遗传性疾病也会造成脑性瘫痪。
Pediatric cerebral palsy refers to the brain in the development of complete before, due to a variety of reasons, brain tissue damage caused by the degeneration of the sequelae. Mainly manifested as central dyskinesia and postural abnormalities, and often combined with mental retardation, epilepsy, audio-visual and language, food intake and other obstacles. The causes of cerebral palsy are complicated, about 15% -20% of the cases can not find a clear cause of the disease. In general, the fetus in the mother’s womb hypoxia asphyxia, neonatal asphyxia during childbirth. Infant brain injury during premature delivery or delivery is an important cause of cerebral palsy. Second, threatened abortion and pregnancy induced sepsis in pregnant women, abdominal trauma in pregnant women, certain chronic diseases of pregnant women themselves, infection of the fetus in the mother’s body, slow growth of the fetus, prenatal bleeding in pregnant women, brain infection in the newborn or brain Injury, cerebrovascular accidents, neonatal kernicterus and other factors are likely to cause cerebral palsy. Certain congenital malformations and hereditary diseases can also cause cerebral palsy.