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中国新能源产业发展令世人瞩目,但是,在快速发展的背后却是一连串隐忧。中国的风电产业虽然发展较快,但产能利用效率不高,存在着有产值没效益、有装机没电量以及有生产能力没有核心技术等问题。例如,2012年全国弃风电量约200×108kW.h。受此影响,中国主要风电设备制造企业40%以上的产能处于闲置状态。由于国内光伏应用市场启动滞后于产品制造,中国光伏电池90%以上用于出口。造成这种局面的部分原因是全球光伏产业近年来的快速发展以及产业分工的全球化模式,这使得中国成本优势得到发挥。但由于中国光伏电池发展严重依赖国外市场,当欧美对中国实施“双反”后,中国的光伏企业面临严重的生存危机。
The development of new energy industry in China attracts world attention, however, behind the rapid development is a series of hidden worries. Although China’s wind power industry has developed rapidly, its utilization rate of production capacity is not high. There are problems such as no output value, no installed capacity and no core technology with production capacity. For example, in 2012, the national wind power generation was about 200 × 108kW.h. Affected by this, China’s major wind power equipment manufacturing enterprises in more than 40% of production capacity in the idle state. As the domestic market for PV applications lags behind product launches, more than 90% of China’s PV cells are exported. Part of the reason for this situation is the rapid development of the global PV industry in recent years as well as the globalization model of industrial division of labor, which has brought China’s cost advantages into play. However, due to the development of China’s PV cells relying heavily on foreign markets, China’s PV enterprises are facing a serious crisis of survival when Europe and the United States implement “double-reverse” on China.