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本文从常用的水库调洪演算推导出了一些简单关系,为初选滞洪水库的库容提供了一个可靠的依据。分析表明:所需的滞洪库容与洪量之比(滞洪库容因子)主要取决于入流与出流峰值之比(洪峰流量因子)、泄流型式以及入流过程线的形状。对于相同的洪水过程线,要取得相同的削峰效果,淹没出流比自由溢流能更为有效地减小滞洪库容。对于淹没泄流和自由溢流的滞洪水库库容因子与洪峰因子之间的关系可近似用两个代数式来表示。使用美国农业部水土保持局的关系曲线对所需的滞洪库容估计不足。
In this paper, some simple relations are deduced from the commonly used reservoir flood regulation calculations, which provides a reliable basis for the reservoir capacity of the first choice flood storage reservoirs. The analysis shows that the ratio of required detention flood volume to flood volume (detention flood storage factor) depends mainly on the ratio of inflow to outflow peaks (flood peak flow factor), the type of discharge and the shape of the inflow process line. For the same flood process line, to achieve the same peak clipping effect, submerged outflow than free overflow can more effectively reduce the flood storage capacity. The relation between the reservoir capacity factor and flood factor of flood-draining reservoirs that submerge flood discharge and free overflow can be approximated by two algebraic formulas. Using the US Department of Agriculture Soil and Water Conservation Authority relationship curve, the required detention flood storage capacity is underestimated.