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目的:研究妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)筛查及早期干预对母婴的影响。方法:选择2008年11月~2010年11月,我院入院时OGTT试验确诊为GDM的患者150例,将其中进行早期筛查并干预良好的103例作为干预组,将24周以后确诊不遵循饮食治疗方案或34周以后确诊且血糖控制效果不佳的47例作为对照组。回顾性分析两组孕产妇妊娠结局及围生儿并发症等资料。结果:干预组与对照组妊娠结局比较发现,干预组妊娠期高血压、子痫前期、羊水过多、剖宫产、胎膜早破、酮症酸中毒的发生率均低于对照组,两组比较,差异均有高度统计学意义(均P<0.01)。两组围生儿并发症比较,干预组死胎、巨大儿、早产儿、新生儿低血糖、呼吸窘迫综合征、高胆红血素的发生率均低于对照组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01、P<0.05)。结论:对孕妇常规进行早期的妊娠期糖尿病筛查,并进行相关的健康教育行为干预,可以显著降低妊娠期高血压发生率、子痫前期风险等不良妊娠结局的发生率,以及围生儿并发症发生率。
Objective: To study the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening and early intervention on maternal and infant. Methods: From November 2008 to November 2010, 150 patients with GDM diagnosed by OGTT in our hospital were enrolled. Among them, 103 cases with early screening and good intervention were taken as the intervention group, and the diagnosis was not observed after 24 weeks Dietary regimens or 47 cases diagnosed after 34 weeks with poor glycemic control were used as controls. Retrospective analysis of two groups of maternal pregnancy outcomes and complications of perinatal information. Results: Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed that the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, cesarean section, premature rupture of membranes and ketoacidosis in intervention group were lower than those in control group The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (all P <0.01). The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome and hyperbilirubinemia in intervention group was lower than that in control group in both intervention groups Statistical significance (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion: The routine screening of pregnant women for gestational diabetes mellitus and related health education interventions can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, risk of preeclampsia, and the incidence of perinatal complications The incidence of disease.