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结合危险品运输监测应用,搭建了基于无线传感器网络的实时监测系统,并对其MAC层协议和物理层无线数据发送时序进行了改进和优化。改进了MAC层中的原始BEB算法,引入了支持优先级的GDCF算法。对MAC层中的RTS/CTS方式进行了有效性分析,并出于节能考虑,引入了睡眠技术。在物理层数据无线发送过程中,为缩短发送时间,减少碰撞可能性,对其时序进行了优化。在工程车辆上安装基于IRIS无线传感器的节点平台进行实际测试。测试结果表明:改进后的退避算法节点丢包率随网络节点数目增加变化不明显;去除RTS/CTS机制后,在采样间隔时间为50ms时,网络丢包率由20%左右下降到了6%以内;一个工作周期内节省能量达到95%;无线数据发送时序优化达到了设计要求,满足了实际应用中对实时监测无线传感网络的性能要求。
Combined with the monitoring and application of the transport of dangerous goods, a real-time monitoring system based on wireless sensor network was set up, and the MAC layer protocol and physical layer wireless data transmission timing were improved and optimized. The original BEB algorithm in the MAC layer is improved, and the GDCF algorithm supporting the priority is introduced. The validity of RTS / CTS mode in the MAC layer is analyzed and sleep technology is introduced for energy saving. In the process of wireless transmission of physical layer data, its timing is optimized to shorten the sending time and reduce the possibility of collision. In the construction of vehicles installed on the IRIS wireless sensor node platform for actual testing. The test results show that the improved packet loss rate of the backoff algorithm does not change significantly with the increase of the number of network nodes. After removing the RTS / CTS mechanism, when the sampling interval is 50ms, the network packet loss rate drops from about 20% to 6% ; Saving 95% of the energy in a work cycle; optimizing the timing of wireless data transmission to meet the design requirements and meeting the performance requirements for real-time monitoring of wireless sensor networks in practical applications.