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许多带有激活顺磁材料而不带有典型的铁氧体隔离器的行波式慢波量子放大器结构被插入一个非均匀磁场之中。需要放大的微波信号加在一个环流器上,这个环流器将信号引入慢波结构。信号通过慢波结构传播,并且根据传输距离的长短而被放大。通过慢波结构传输的信号能在离环流器最远的一端产生最大反射。随后,需要放大的信号在相对于环流器的相反的方向上重新通过慢波结构,并且得到了相当于二倍长度的行波量子放大器所能获得的放大量。环流器引导放大了的信号至下一级相同的放大器。隔离器用在两级之间,以避免信号在两级之间向错误的方向传输。因为在慢波结构中没有使用铁氧体隔离器,这就减小了信号在每级中传输时的损耗。由于使用了非均匀磁场,而将每一级慢波结构所产生的最大增益减小到中等的值。同时非均匀磁场也展宽了顺磁材料的线宽。最终的带宽可以是非常宽的。这样的放大器多级级联能够提供高增益,以及非常宽的带宽和非常低的噪声温度。
Many traveling-wave slow-wave quantum amplifier structures with activated paramagnetic material without a typical ferrite isolator are inserted into a non-uniform magnetic field. The microwave signal to be amplified is applied to a circulator that introduces the signal into the slow-wave structure. The signal travels through the slow-wave structure and is amplified according to the length of the transmission. The signal transmitted through the slow-wave structure produces the maximum reflection at the furthest end of the cyclone. The signal that needs to be amplified then re-passes through the slow-wave structure in the opposite direction relative to the circulator and results in an amount of amplification available for a traveling-wave quantum amplifier equivalent to twice the length. The circulator directs the amplified signal to the same amplifier at the next stage. Isolators are used between two stages to prevent the signal from being transmitted in the wrong direction between the two stages. Because the ferrite isolator is not used in the slow-wave structure, this reduces the loss of the signal as it travels through each stage. Due to the use of a non-uniform magnetic field, the maximum gain produced by a slow-wave structure per stage is reduced to a moderate value. At the same time, the non-uniform magnetic field broadens the line width of the paramagnetic material. The final bandwidth can be very wide. Such amplifier multi-stage cascade can provide high gain, as well as very wide bandwidth and very low noise temperature.