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地下工程内在的不确定性、施工复杂性以及周边环境因素的影响,使得工程在规划、投资、设计、建设和运营等各个环节都存在很大的风险。文章从风险的定义和风险的本质出发,对地下工程项目的风险影响因素进行了总结,分析了隧道及地下工程中风险发生的机理。针对地下工程的工程特点,得出岩体工程围岩的破坏,直接关系到工程的安全和使用,无论是岩体的开挖还是支护,岩体工程的监测是预测、预报或判断岩体工程稳定状态和采取控制措施的依据。因此,应结合动态施工方法,充分发挥现场监控量测的作用,依托遥感技术、地理信息系统等新技术作为主要支撑的数字动态减灾系统建设。
The inherent uncertainty of underground engineering, the complexity of construction and the impact of the surrounding environmental factors make the project have great risks in all aspects of planning, investment, design, construction and operation. Based on the definition of risk and the nature of risk, this paper summarizes the risk factors of underground project, and analyzes the mechanism of risk in tunnel and underground engineering. Aiming at the engineering characteristics of underground engineering, it is concluded that the destruction of surrounding rock mass is directly related to the safety and use of the rock mass. Whether it is excavation or support of rock mass, the monitoring of rock mass engineering is to predict, predict or judge the rock mass Project stability and the basis for taking control measures. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the dynamic construction method, give full play to the role of on-site monitoring and measurement, relying on remote sensing technology, geographic information systems and other new technologies as the main support of the construction of digital dynamic disaster reduction system.