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中国传统文化是在传统的农业一一宗法型社会生产生活实践基础上形成发展起来的,这就必然地会成为一种群体本位的文化。而孟子的时代,关于群体与个人的问题一直存在分歧,但是笔者发现,对孟子的这句话的解读多从个人品质角度,从群己关系角度论证的对比研究较少。因此本文将立足于孟子对百家思想中杨朱和墨子极端群己关系的批判,重点看其对孔子理论的继承发展引向孟子本身对自我完善和群体认同的观点,最后来看其对后世的重要影响,以及分析其理论的局限和后世相应的补充。
The traditional Chinese culture was formed and developed on the basis of the practice and practice of the traditional farming and law-based society, which inevitably would become a group-based culture. However, in the era of Mencius, the disagreement between groups and individuals always existed. However, I found that there are few comparative studies on Mencius’ interpretation of this sentence from the angle of personal qualities and from the perspective of the relationship between groups and individuals. Therefore, based on Mencius’ criticism of the relationship between Yang Zhu and Mozi’s extreme group and individual in one hundred schools of thought, this article mainly focuses on the viewpoint that Mencius’s inheritance and development of Confucianism lead to self-improvement and group identification. Later generations of the important influence, as well as the analysis of the limitations of its theory and later corresponding supplements.