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本文以一个新的理论视角分析了公平和效率的关系。与已有的文献不同,本文不是把公平与效率两者对主起来,而是从一个国家（地区）的经济发展战略选择入手,以一个统一的逻辑框架对长期经济发展过程当中的公平和效率问题,同时给出内生的解释。本文认为,公平和效率两者都内生决定于一个国家（地区）的长期经济发展战略选择。本文的结论是,对任何国家只要走违背比较优势的赶超发展道路,优先发展资本密集度超越于当前阶段的要素禀赋结构的产业和技术,其企业必然没有自生能力,为扶持这些企业所推行的各种扭曲性的保护政策必然恶化其公平和效率问题;只有走符合比较优势的发展道路,企业才具有自生能力,从而才能够得兼效率和公平。
This article analyzes the relationship between fairness and efficiency with a new theoretical perspective. Different from the existing literature, this article does not focus on both fairness and efficiency, but on the basis of the economic development strategy of a country (region), with a unified logical framework on the fairness and efficiency of long-term economic development Problem, at the same time gives an endogenous explanation. This paper argues that both fairness and efficiency endogenously depend on the long-term economic development strategy choices of a country (region). The conclusion of this paper is that for any country to go beyond catching up with its comparative advantage and to give priority to developing industries and technologies whose capital intensity exceeds the current endowment factor endowment structure, their enterprises will inevitably have no viability to promote these enterprises All kinds of distorted protection policies will inevitably worsen their fairness and efficiency issues. Only by following the path of development in line with comparative advantages will enterprises have the ability to make themselves productive and fair.