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一、抽油机的载荷特点我国油田采油目前仍用游梁式抽油机。其拖动动力几乎都是交流异步电动机。其电能消耗占整个油田电能消耗相当大的比例。因此,降低单位原油产量的耗电量,对油田节能很重要。抽油机在工作时,上下冲程载荷不均匀,形成大幅度波动下的周期性连续畸变载荷曲线。图1为油井载荷扭矩随抽油机曲柄转角的变化关系。图2为JQO2型电机拖动时实测的电机功率曲线。在一个冲程内电动机功率波动很大,且出现负值功率。
First, the load characteristics of the pumping unit Oil recovery in China is still using a beam pumping unit. The drag power is almost always AC induction motor. Its electrical energy consumption accounts for a considerable proportion of the entire field of electricity consumption. Therefore, reducing the power consumption per unit of crude oil production is very important for oilfield energy conservation. Pumping at work, up and down the stroke load is not uniform, forming a cyclical continuous distortion load curve under large fluctuations. Figure 1 shows the relationship between oil well load torque and pumping crank angle. Figure 2 JQO2-type motor drag measured motor power curve. The motor power fluctuates greatly in one stroke and negative power appears.