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目的 了解黑龙江省农村骨关节炎患病情况,分析骨关节炎患病的相关影响因素.方法 2015年,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在黑龙江省大庆和齐齐哈尔市农村,对18岁以上常住居民进行问卷调查(包括性别、年龄、经济收入水平等),一般体格检查(包括身高,体重,肘、膝两个关节X线正位片等),并采集生活饮用水水样,采用氟离子选择电极法检测氟含量.用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析.结果 共调查1227人,骨关节炎总患病率为42.4％(520/1227).随着年龄的增加,骨关节炎患病率随之增加(x2=193.387,P＜0.01),男性骨关节炎患病率高于女性[49.7％(221/445)比38.2％(299/782),x2=15.167,P＜ 0.01];随着经济收入的增加,骨关节炎患病率呈下降的趋势(x2=47.817,P＜0.01);随着体质指数的增加,骨关节炎患病率呈上升趋势(x2=10.300,P＜0.01);随着水氟含量增加,骨关节炎的患病率呈上升趋势(x2=5.936,P＜0.05).结论 黑龙江省农村人群骨关节炎患病率仍处于一个较高的水平,应当引起足够的重视.年龄、性别、经济水平、体质指数、水氟暴露等是黑龙江省农村骨关节炎患病的影响因素.“,”Objective To investigate the prevalence of osteoarthritis in rural areas of Heilongjiang Province,analyze factors related to osteoarthritis and explore the relationship between fluoride concentration in drinking water and osteoarthritis.Methods Through multistage stratified cluster random sampling,residents aged 18 years and over were selected.All subjects were given a questionnaire survey (sex,age,income,e.g.) and general physical examination (height,weight,X rays of elbow and knee joint,e.g.),and drinking water and urine samples were collected.All statistical tests were performed with SPSS 19.0.Results In this survey the prevalence rate of osteoarthritis was 42.4％ (520/1227).We found that the osteoarthritis prevalence increased with increase of age (x2 =193.387,P ＜ 0.01).Male osteoarthritis prevalence was higher than that of female [49.7％ (221/445) vs 38.2％ (299/782),x2 =15.167,P ＜ 0.01].With increase of economic income,the prevalence of osteoarthritis was decreased (x2 =47.817,P ＜ 0.01).The prevalence of osteoarthritis was increased with increase of body mass index (x2 =10.300,P ＜0.01).And with increase of water fluoride exposure concentration,the prevalence was increased (x2 =5.936,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of osteoarthritis is still at a high level in Heilongjiang Province,and we should pay more attention.Age,gender,economic level,body mass index and water fluoride exposure are influencing factors of osteoarthritis in Heilongjiang Provincial rural areas.