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清代乾隆初年(18世纪中叶),杭州曾出现过一个私人创办供大众阅览的图书室,以“广仁义学”为名,征集入藏的图书颇丰,并且刻过书。这个义学组织,不是义务教儿童的蒙馆性质,而是为成年人提供阅读比较高深书籍的机构,实为我国对公众开放的最早图书馆。比官办的四库全书南三阁(文澜、文汇、文宗)的建立和对外开放,要早三十多年。与前此存在的若干私人藏书楼的封闭性,仅供个人或子孙及少数同好使用相较,具有为社会服务的色彩。据我看到的由广仁义学所翻刻的《耕织图》书尾钱琦的
In the early years of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (the mid-18th century), there was a privately-owned library in Hangzhou that was opened for reading by the public. In the name of “Guangren Yi Xue Xue”, there were quite a few books collected in Tibet. It is not the Mongolian nature of compulsory education for children, but an institution that provides adult books with relatively advanced books. It is actually the earliest library opened to the public in our country. More than thirty years earlier than the establishment and opening to the outside world of the government-run Si Ku Quan Nan San Ge (Wen Lan, Wen Hui, Wen Zong). As the closure of some private libraries existing before this, it is only for the personal, offspring and minorities to use the same, and serves as a social service. As far as I can see, Qian Qi was engraved with the book “Geng Zhitu” written by Guangren Yi Xue