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富饶辽阔的三江平原位于我国东北端,与苏联隔江对峙,是由黑龙江、松花江、乌苏里江、兴凯湖冲积而成的低平原,总面积51,300多平方公里,素有“东大荒”之称,是我国荒地资源较多的地区之一。目前尚有占平原总面积一半的荒地未被开垦利用,具有巨大的开荒潜力和发展农业生产的广阔前景,被列为国家重点的垦荒地区。 区内气候湿润,光照充足,热量条件能满足作物生长的要求;地形平坦,土地集中连片,土壤肥沃,植物营养元素丰富,其中沼泽土壤占未开垦土地50％强。因此研究沼泽土壤的性质、及其农业开垦利用条件,对三江平原的开发,加速商品粮基地的建设具有重要的意义。 一、沼泽土壤的分布和类型 沼泽土在三江平原的分布极为广泛,相对集中在浓江、别拉洪河的河漫滩及其阶地上的低洼地;挠力河、七星河中下游河漫滩地;水城子古河道区;阿布
The vast and prosperous Sanjiang Plain is located at the northeast end of China and confronts the Soviet Union across the river. It is a low plain formed by alluviation of Heilongjiang, Songhua River, Wusuli River and Xingkai Lake with a total area of 51,300 square kilometers and is known as the “Great East Wilderness” It is one of the areas with more wasteland resources in our country. At present, there are still unused and reclaimed wasteland which accounts for half of the total area of the plain, which has great potential for land reclamation and broad prospects for agricultural production. It is listed as a national key reclamation area. The climate in the area is moist, with sufficient sunshine and heat conditions to meet the requirements of crop growth. The terrain is flat and the land is contiguous and contiguous. The soil is fertile and rich in plant nutrient elements. The swamp soil accounts for more than 50% of the uncultivated land. Therefore, the study of the nature of swamp soil and its reclamation and utilization conditions of agriculture is of great significance to the development of Sanjiang Plain and the acceleration of the construction of commodity grain base. First, distribution and type of swamp soil Swamp soil in the Sanjiang Plain is extremely widespread, relatively concentrated in the Conjiang River, the Bulanghong River Floodplain and its terrace on the low-lying land; Naolihe, Qixinghe middle and lower reaches of the floodplain; Shuichengzi Ancient river area; Abu