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目的调查山东地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染情况和相关危险因素,为制定减少新生儿缺陷和提高人口素质的相关措施提供参考依据。方法选取2013年1月-2015年12月在山东地区各市、县医院就诊的5 386名育龄妇女作为研究对象,检测其血清弓形虫抗体IgG和IgM。同时,开展问卷调查以了解该地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染的相关危险因素。结果5 386名孕龄妇女中,弓形虫特异性IgG抗体阳性623例,阳性率11.56%;弓形虫特异性Ig M抗体阳性328例,阳性率6.21%。单因素分析显示,孕育状态(χ2=13.12,P<0.01)、居住地为市区还是县区(χ2=6.27,P<0.05)、是否有动物接触史(χ2=10.46,P<0.01)、是否吃半生不熟食物者(χ2=21.19,P<0.01)与弓形虫感染相关。结论山东地区育龄妇女弓形虫感染率较高,弓形虫感染与孕育状态、居住地、与动物密切接触程度和是否吃半生不熟食物等因素有关。提示应加强育龄妇女的弓形虫感染检测,并开展健康教育等干预措施,以预防控制育龄妇女弓形虫感染。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among women of childbearing age in Shandong and related risk factors so as to provide a reference for the development of measures to reduce neonatal defects and improve population quality. Methods A total of 5 386 women of childbearing age from January 2013 to December 2015 in cities and counties of Shandong Province were selected as study objects to test IgG and IgM of Toxoplasma gondii. At the same time, a questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the risk factors associated with toxoplasma infection in women of reproductive age in the area. Results Totally 623 cases of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies were positive in 5 386 women of gestational age, the positive rate was 11.56%. Toxoplasma gondii specific Ig M antibody was positive in 328 cases, the positive rate was 6.21%. Univariate analysis showed that there was no history of exposure to animals (χ2 = 10.46, P <0.01) in inoculation status (χ2 = 13.12, P <0.01) Whether or not to eat half-cooked food (χ2 = 21.19, P <0.01) associated with Toxoplasma infection. Conclusion The prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in women of childbearing age in Shandong Province is relatively high. The infection of Toxoplasma gondii is related to inoculation state, living place, intimate contact with animals and eating half-baked food. It is suggested that the detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in women of childbearing age should be strengthened and interventions such as health education should be carried out to prevent and control the infection of Toxoplasma gondii in women of childbearing age.