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自由主义(liberalism),意为:“一种政治学说,以保护和强化个人自由问题作为其学说理念的核心。”自由主义政治哲学家通常认为,政府是必要的,以社会中个人的权利免遭伤害。但是,他们也认识到,政府本身,在某种情况下,也可以成为构成危害社会个人权利的威胁。1所以,自由主义政治哲学家通常致力于研究制定一个体系,一方面赋予政府必要的权利,另一方面对其加以限制,以防止上述滥权情况的发生。约翰·洛克(John Locke),是西方近代自由主义政治哲学思想的奠基人。他的自由主义哲学思想在西方近代哲学史上影响巨大,甚至在人类思想发展史以及近代西方政治实践与进程中都产生了深远的影响。对洛克自由主义政治哲学思想的探讨也一定会有助于我国当代对西方近代政治制度与实践的重新认识与评价,对中国进行现代化进程、深化政治体制改革、构建健全的法制社会、建立和谐社会具有积极的意义。
Liberalism, which means: “A political doctrine that protects and reinforces the freedom of the individual as the core of its doctrine.” "Liberal political philosophers generally believe that the government is necessary to treat individuals as individuals Right from harm. However, they also realize that the government itself, under certain circumstances, can also constitute a threat to the individual rights of the community. Therefore, liberal political philosophers usually devote themselves to studying and formulating a system that, on the one hand, gives the government the necessary rights and, on the other, limits it in order to prevent such abuses. John Locke is the founder of the political thought of modern liberalism in the West. His liberal philosophical thoughts have a tremendous impact on the history of modern Western philosophy and even have a profound impact on the history of the development of human thought and the practice and progress of modern Western politics. The discussion of Locke’s liberal political philosophy will certainly help our country to re-understand and evaluate contemporary western political system and practice, to carry out the modernization of China, deepen the reform of the political system, establish a sound legal society and establish a harmonious society Has a positive meaning.