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十八世纪末——十九世纪前半期,中国封建经济经历了严重的危机。封建的生产关系原在农村中占统治地位,可是,到这时,正如毛泽东所指出的:“中国封建社会内的商品经济的发展,已经孕育着资本主义的萌芽。而雇佣劳动的普遍使用就是中国农业中资本主义发展的显明标志之一。许多地区由于商业性农业的发展和农业生产商品率的增长,引起了对雇佣劳动的使用。(如:陕西、山东等省)。在好些省份(江苏、山西、甘肃等)零工现象开始发展。童工被广泛应用。甚至在少数民族的一些地区(如:广西、贵州之苗族,广西的僮族)也使用了雇佣劳动。在雇佣劳动方面,我们所研究的这一时期,是以商
The late eighteenth century - the first half of the nineteenth century, China's feudal economy has experienced a serious crisis. The feudal relations of production originally dominates the countryside, but by this time Mao Zedong pointed out: "The development of the commodity economy in the feudal society in China has given birth to the seeds of capitalism, and the common use of wage labor is One of the most obvious signs of the development of capitalism in agriculture in China is the use of wage labor in many areas (such as Shaanxi and Shandong provinces) due to the development of commercial agriculture and the increase in the rate of agricultural production, The development of the phenomenon of the zero-hour work started to develop in Jiangsu, Shanxi, Gansu, etc. Child labor was widely used, and hired labor was used even in some areas of ethnic minorities (such as Miao in Guangxi, Guizhou, and Tongzhou in Guangxi) The period studied is based on business