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太湖流域地区分为沿江沿海平原区、太湖湖区和下游低洼圩区二大类型。是在稻麦棉泊录轮作夹种下发育起来的高产水稻土,是我国著名的江南鱼米水乡。六十年代以来双三熟制有了较快发展,现已成为主要的耕作轮作方式,土壤淹水时间延长,湿耕机会增多,引起土壤结构性变劣,土壤中水多气少,造成渍害,成为限制土壤肥力发挥的主要矛盾,因此搞好农田排水,使水、气、肥、热协调,成为高产稳产所亟待解决的重要课题。近年来,广大科技人员排除“四人帮”的干扰破坏,和群众性科学实验结合,在农田排水研究上取得了较大进展,但仍有不少问题尚待解决,现提出几个问题进行讨论。
The Taihu Lake Basin is divided into two major types: coastal plain area along the river, Taihu Lake area and low-lying polder area in the lower reaches. It is a high-yielding paddy soil developed under the folder of rice, wheat and cotton. It is a famous fish and water village in Jiangnan in China. Since the 1960s ShuangShun system has developed rapidly, has now become the main method of farming rotation, prolonged flooding of the soil, increased wetting opportunities, causing soil structural deterioration, less water and gas in the soil, resulting in stains Therefore, it is an important issue that must be solved urgently to improve the draining of farmland, make water, gas, fertilizer and heat coordinate and become a high and stable yield. In recent years, the vast majority of scientific and technical personnel have ruled out the interference and destruction of the “gang of four” and have made great progress in the study of farmland drainage with the mass scientific experiments. However, many problems remain to be solved. Several issues are raised for discussion.