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目的探讨老年高血压病的临床特点,提高对老年高血压病的认识及诊治水平。方法对72例于我科门诊或病房经观察偶测血压,按1999年WHO高血压分类标准确诊为高血压病的老年患者行24 h动态血压监测,根据动态血压结果,将确定无疑的高血压病患者定为老年组,另取经动态血压监测确诊为高血压病的中青年患者作为对照组,通过观察血压水平、靶器官损害发生率、血压昼夜节律等指标进行分析研究。结果老年高血压病组的靶器官损害发生率高于中青年组(P<0.05),老年高血压病组的血压昼夜节律消失者及有晨峰现象者明显高于中青年组(P<0.01)。结论老年高血压患者易发生晨峰现象,血压昼夜节律消失,更易发生心、脑、肾等靶器官损害。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of elderly patients with hypertension and improve their understanding and diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. Methods Seventy-two ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in 72 outpatients or wards of our hospital. According to the 1999 WHO classification of hypertension, elderly patients undergoing hypertension were monitored for ambulatory blood pressure 24 hours. Based on the ambulatory blood pressure results, undoubtedly, The patients were selected as the elderly group. In addition, young and middle-aged patients diagnosed as having hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were selected as the control group. The levels of blood pressure, the incidence of target organ damage and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure were analyzed. Results The incidence of target organ damage in elderly patients with hypertension was higher than that in middle-aged and young patients (P <0.05). The disappearance of circadian rhythm of blood pressure and the phenomenon of morning climax in elderly patients with hypertension were significantly higher than those in middle-aged and young patients (P <0.01) ). Conclusions Early morning hypertensive patients prone to morning peaks, blood pressure circadian rhythms disappear, more likely to occur heart, brain, kidney and other target organ damage.