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本文应用~(15)N标记的碳酸氢铵在吉林省主要土壤——白浆土、黑土、草甸淡黑钙土上进行玉米示踪盆栽试验,经化学分析、质谱分析初步探明:在盆栽灌水条件下,施用碳铵损失量很大,平均损失率为57.94％。损失途径有二,即氮素淋失和气态氮挥发,而以挥发损失为主。在土壤中的损失情况,因土而异;草甸淡黑钙土损失量最高,黑土居中,白浆土最低;其损失量和碳铵的利用率呈负相关;玉米从三种土壤中吸收土壤氮与肥料氮的比值有明显差异。碳铵的损失、利用、残留规律与土壤的理化性质有关。
In this paper, ~ (15) N labeled ammonium bicarbonate was used to conduct tracing experiments on maize in the main soils of Jilin Province - albic soil, black soil and meadow chernozem. Preliminary chemical and mass spectrometric analyzes proved that: Under pot irrigation, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate loss was large, with an average loss rate of 57.94%. There are two ways to lose, ie, nitrogen leaching and gaseous nitrogen volatilization, with the main loss of volatility. The losses in soils vary from soil to soil. The highest loss of meadow black soil, the middle of black soil and the lowest of white soil. The loss is negatively correlated with the utilization rate of ammonium bicarbonate. There was a significant difference in the ratio of soil nitrogen absorbed to fertilizer nitrogen. The loss, utilization and residue of ammonium bicarbonate are related to the physical and chemical properties of soil.