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明中叶时期,程朱理学与心学这两大思想潮流碰撞交锋,形成了特殊的思想文化土壤,毛宪的文论观便根植于其中。一方面在程朱理学思想的桎梏之下,毛宪以道本位为文论的基本出发点,主张义理之文须写得质而理,带有很大的保守性;另一方面又受到心学思想的浸润与启发,提倡以性情、浑成为中心的创作论和“雄浑”的审美趣味,呈现出内省倾向,具有相对的革新性。总体看来,毛宪的文论观呈现出保守性与革新性并存的理论特点,烙上了鲜明的时代印记。
During the mid Ming Dynasty, the conflicts between Cheng and Zhu ideology and psychology clashed and formed a special soil of thought and culture, and Mao Zedong’s literary theory was rooted in it. On the one hand, under the shackles of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, Mao Xian took Tao-based as the basic starting point of his literary theory and claimed that the text of his theory of justification should be written in a reasonable manner with great conservatism; on the other hand, Infiltration and enlightenment of ideas, and advocates the creationism and the “magnificent” aesthetic taste that are characterized by temperament and muddyness, showing a tendency of introspection and relative innovation. Generally speaking, Mao Zedong’s theory of literary theory presents the theoretical characteristics of coexistence of conservatism and innovation, branded with a distinctive mark of the times.