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北京市区域商贸业发展是推动“四个中心”建设、提升北京市经济实力的重要途径,也是实现京津冀协调发展的客观要求。从经济环境、规模、基础设施、成长性、支撑服务5个维度选取23个指标构建了北京市商贸业竞争力评价指标体系,以北京市区域2012年~2015年面板数据为研究样本,运用因子分析方法评估了北京市区域商贸业的综合竞争力,明确其竞争力演化情况。研究结果表明:北京市的首都核心功能区商贸业竞争力逐渐减弱;城市功能拓展区中的朝阳区、丰台区商贸业竞争力逐渐减弱,海淀区和石景山区商贸业竞争力逐渐增强;城市发展新区中的通州区商贸业竞争力逐年增强,大兴区和房山区商贸业竞争力逐年减弱,顺义区和昌平区商贸业竞争力未出现较大波动;生态涵养发展区商贸业竞争力持续减弱。根据区域商贸业竞争力演化情况,提出了提高北京市区域商贸业竞争力的对策建议。
The development of the regional trade and commerce industry in Beijing is an important way to promote the construction of the “four centers” and enhance the economic strength of Beijing. It is also an objective requirement for the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. From the five dimensions of economic environment, scale, infrastructure, growth, and support services, 23 indexes were selected to construct the evaluation index system for Beijing’s commerce and industry competitiveness. The panel data for the Beijing region from 2012 to 2015 was used as a research sample. The analysis method evaluated the comprehensive competitiveness of Beijing’s regional business industry and defined its competitiveness evolution. The results of the study show that the competitiveness of the commercial core of the capital’s core functional areas in Beijing has gradually weakened; the competitiveness of the commerce and trade industry in the Chaoyang District and Fengtai District in the urban functional expansion zone has gradually weakened, and the competitiveness of the commerce and trade industry in the Haidian District and the Shijingshan District has gradually increased; The competitiveness of the commerce and trade industry in Tongzhou District in the New District has been increasing year by year. The competitiveness of the commerce and trade industry in Daxing District and Fangshan District has been weakening year by year. There has been no major fluctuation in the competitiveness of commerce in Shunyi District and Changping District; the competitiveness of the commerce and trade industry in the ecological conservation and development zone has continued to weaken. Based on the evolution of the competitiveness of regional commerce and trade, this paper puts forward some suggestions for improving the competitiveness of Beijing’s regional commerce industry.