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目的慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患病率和死亡率较高,是目前世界第四大死亡原因,本文从药物治疗方面进行综述。方法法1吸入药物治疗目前在COPD的治疗中已显示出特有的优势,作为一种使用简单、副作用较少的治疗手段,已引起了更多人的关注。包括支气管扩张剂(β2-受体激动剂、抗胆碱能药物)、吸入糖皮质激素以及支气管扩张剂及糖皮质激素联合制剂。2全身药物治疗包括茶碱、糖皮质激素、抗生素、祛痰药、抗氧化剂、免疫调节剂、疫苗等药物。3新药物研制方面,磷酸二酯酶4(PDE4)抑制剂、白三烯B4(LTB4)受体拮抗剂、抑制粘附分子表达和提高细胞因子白介素10(1L-10)的水平、抑制TGFβ1受体激酶的小分子拮抗剂等新的药物正在研制中。结果和结论 COPD不仅累及肺脏,也可以引起肺外的不良效应。COPD的治疗包括避免暴露于危险因素、药物治疗、外科治疗、其他治疗几个方面。
Objective COPD prevalence and mortality are the fourth leading cause of death in the world. This review summarizes the medical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methodology 1 Inhaled drug therapy Currently COPD has demonstrated its unique advantages in treatment. As a simple and less-adverse treatment, it has attracted more attention. Including bronchodilators (β2-agonists, anticholinergic drugs), inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators and glucocorticoid combinations. 2 systemic drug therapy including theophylline, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, expectorants, antioxidants, immunomodulators, vaccines and other drugs. In new drug development, phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist, inhibit the expression of adhesion molecules and increase the level of cytokine interleukin 10 (1L-10), inhibit TGFβ1 Newer drugs such as small molecule antagonists of receptor kinases are under development. Results and Conclusion COPD not only affects the lungs, but also can cause adverse effects outside the lungs. The treatment of COPD includes avoiding exposure to risk factors, medical treatment, surgical treatment, and other aspects of treatment.