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氢的存储是氢能利用的关键,利用多孔材料的胶囊化作用存储氢气具有独特优点。本文简要阐述了胶囊化形成的原因,重点介绍了胶囊化储氢所用的几种多孔材料及其特点,包括沸石分子筛、金属配位化合物、玻璃微球和球碳及其衍生物。总结了近年来国内外学者利用多孔材料胶囊化作用储氢的研究进展,并从操作条件、对材料的要求、需要克服的能垒等方面分析了胶囊化储氢与物理吸附储氢的差异,进而对今后胶囊化储氢的应用与发展做出了展望。
The storage of hydrogen is the key to the utilization of hydrogen, and the unique advantage of hydrogen stored by the encapsulation of porous materials. This article briefly describes the reasons for the formation of encapsulation, focusing on several porous materials used in encapsulated hydrogen storage and their characteristics, including zeolite, metal coordination compounds, glass microspheres and spherulites and their derivatives. The progress of research on hydrogen storage by the encapsulation of porous materials in recent years is summarized. The differences between encapsulated hydrogen storage and physical adsorption hydrogen storage are analyzed from the aspects of operating conditions, material requirements and energy barriers to be overcome. And then the future of the application of encapsulated hydrogen storage and development prospects.