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市场经济条件下,不能盈利的资本家是不能存续的。资本盈利,经常来自剥削劳动,但资本盈利首先或主要靠资本家的管理劳动,这是客观事实。马克思的剩余价值论把资本盈利完全视为剥削的结论是不成立的。但是,马克思的相对剩余价值论所揭示的资本盈利规律、揭示的资本家在利己动机驱动下促进生产力发展的规律却是正确的。本文在肯定马克思理论合理内核的基础上,对资本获取盈余价值、相对盈余价值规律做出科学阐释。
Under the market economy, unscrupulous capitalists can not survive. It is an objective fact that capital gains often come from the exploitation of labor, but capital gains, first and foremost, are managed by the capitalists. It is not true that Marx’s theory of surplus-value treats the profitability of capital as the conclusion of exploitation at all. However, the law of capital profit revealed by Marx’s theory of relative surplus value reveals that the law of capitalists promoting the development of productive forces is motivated by self-motivation. On the basis of affirming the reasonable core of Marx’s theory, this article makes a scientific explanation of the law of capital’s obtaining surplus value and relative surplus value.