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在对我国宪法序言的解释中,存在两种有缺陷的解释趋向。一种是把序言中的历史叙事抽象化为哲学时间,从而把宪法的正当性直接奠定在真理之中。这种趋向忽视了我国宪法历史叙事具体的、历史的特点,即序言中的历史时间总是被具体化了的历史时间段落。具体化的历史时间是社会主义宪法的政治性得以展开的方式,因此第一种趋向也就忽视了宪法正当性固有的政治品格。另一种解释趋向是强调序言的政治品性,强调其中宣告的人民主权具有特殊的复合结构,却因此忽视了这一主权结构本来就带有时间和进化的维度。只有理解到序言表述的是一种时间化的政治——法权结构,才能恰当地把握到贯穿我国社会主义宪法史的历史主义传统,把握到在其中跃动的活的时间。
In explaining the preamble of our constitution, there are two flawed explanations. One is to abstract the historical narrative in the preamble into the philosophical time, so as to lay the legitimacy of the constitution directly in the truth. This tendency ignores the specific and historical features of the historical narrative in our country’s constitution, that is, historical periods in which the historical time in the preamble has always been embodied. The concrete historical time is the way in which the political nature of the socialist constitution can be expanded. Therefore, the first tendency also neglects the inherent political character of constitutional legitimacy. Another tendency of interpretation is to emphasize the political character of the Preamble and to emphasize the special compound structure of the people’s sovereignty which it proclaims, thus neglecting that the sovereignty structure originally has the time and evolutionary dimensions. Only when we understand that the preamble expresses a time-based political-legal power structure can we properly grasp the historicist tradition that runs through the history of the socialist constitution in our country and grasp the lively period in which it stands.