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目的:探讨p53基因在乳腺癌发生早期的作用。方法:用免疫组化检测36例乳腺单纯性增生、31例不典型增生、30例乳腺癌组织中p53蛋白表达,用PCR-RFLP检测p53基因第8外显子第278密码子突变。结果:乳腺单纯性增生、不典型增生和乳腺癌中p53蛋白表达率分别为0、22.6%、46.7%。p53基因第8外显子的突变率分别为0、3.2%、10.0%,均为杂合子突变。结论:乳腺癌不典型增生中存在p53蛋白表达和该基因第8外显子突变,该突变可能在乳腺增生病向乳腺癌进展过程中起一定作用。
Objective: To investigate the role of p53 gene in the early stage of breast cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of p53 protein in 36 cases of breast hyperplasia, 31 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 30 cases of breast cancer. The 278 codon of p53 exon 8 was detected by PCR-RFLP. Results: The rates of p53 protein expression in breast hyperplasia, dysplasia and breast cancer were 0, 22.6% and 46.7% respectively. The mutation rate of p53 exon 8 was 0, 3.2% and 10.0%, respectively, which were all heterozygous mutations. Conclusion: The expression of p53 protein and the exon 8 mutation in breast dysplasia may play a role in the progression of breast hyperplasia.