论文部分内容阅读
基于田间大棚试验,采用等量养分原则,分析生物有机肥、蚯蚓粪、鸡粪等不同有机肥部分替代化肥对西瓜生长、产量、品质以及养分利用的影响。结果表明,与单施化肥相比,有机肥部分替代化肥均不同程度提高了西瓜叶绿素含量、光合性能、产量及品质,其中以蚯蚓粪与化肥配施效果最佳,其光合性能显著高于单施化肥,产量提高了33.63%,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及维生素C含量分别增加了14.07%,14.47%和17.52%。有机肥部分替代化肥施肥处理的肥料利用率高于单施化肥,土壤养分元素依存率低于单施化肥,以蚯蚓粪配施化肥作用效果最为显著,氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别为26.02%,5.67%和29.89%,土壤氮、磷、钾素依存率分别为20.96%,20.32%和31.55%。熏蒸处理的西瓜枯萎病发病率整体低于未熏蒸处理,其中熏蒸条件下蚯蚓粪部分替代化肥施肥处理西瓜发病率最低,仅为4.76%。
Based on the field greenhouse experiment, the principle of equal amount of nutrients was used to analyze the effects of some organic fertilizers, such as bio-organic fertilizer, vermicompost and chicken manure on the growth, yield, quality and nutrient utilization of watermelon. The results showed that, compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers, partial replacement of organic fertilizers all increased the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, yield and quality of watermelon to varying degrees. The combination of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers was the best and the photosynthetic performance was significantly higher than that of single Fertilizer application increased yield by 33.63%, soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C content increased by 14.07%, 14.47% and 17.52% respectively. Fertilizer partial replacement of organic fertilizer fertilizer utilization rate higher than the single chemical fertilizer, soil nutrient dependency was lower than single chemical fertilizer, with wormcast manure application of the most significant effect, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium utilization rates were 26.02% , 5.67% and 29.89% respectively. The N, P and K dependency of soil were 20.96%, 20.32% and 31.55% respectively. Fumigation treatment of watermelon Fusarium wilt disease incidence as a whole was lower than the fumigation, fumigation conditions partial replacement of fertilizers vermicompost fertilization watermelon the lowest incidence, only 4.76%.