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位于冰水海域的桥墩,在波浪力作用下,桥墩结构与周围海冰往往出现间隙,地震作用下海冰与结构的动力相互作用呈现复杂多样化。本文在弹性力学中的弹性波传播理论及结构动力学的基础上,考虑不同的海冰与桥墩间距,建立了地震作用下桥墩、冰与水体的流固耦合动力方程。并以一矩形桥墩为研究对象,研究了地震作用下,海冰与桥墩的间距对矩形桥墩结构的动力响应及动水压力的影响。研究表明:地震作用下,海冰与桥墩间距对桥墩顶部的最大位移和最大加速度响应的影响不显著,但是对桥墩侧面动水压力和墩底内力影响较大;当海冰与桥墩存在间距且小于1倍结构尺寸时,墩底的弯矩和剪力达到最大值。
Under the action of wave force, the pier located in the ice water area often has a gap with the surrounding sea ice, and the dynamic interaction between sea ice and structure under earthquake is complex and diversified. Based on the elastic wave propagation theory and structural dynamics in elastic mechanics, the fluid-solid coupling dynamic equations of piers, ice and water under earthquake action are established considering different sea ice and pier spacing. Taking a rectangular piers as the research object, the influence of the distance between sea ice and pier on the dynamic response and hydrodynamic pressure of rectangular piers is studied under the action of earthquake. The results show that the influence of the distance between sea ice and bridge pier on the maximum displacement and maximum acceleration of bridge piers is not significant under the action of earthquake, but has a great influence on the hydrodynamic pressure and the internal forces at the pier. At less than 1 times the structural size, the moment and shear force at the bottom of the pier reaches the maximum.