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基于连续介质理论建立了定向碳纳米管/橡胶(CNTs/Rubber)复合材料的代表体积元(RVE)模型,借助有限元方法(FEM)进行数值计算获得复合材料的等效热导率。将数值计算结果与Nielsen模型与Ce-WenNan模型预测值对比,验证了模型的有效性。基于此模型研究了CNTs体积分数及界面热阻对复合材料导热性能的影响。研究发现,在低填充量(0.2%~1%)下,复合材料的热导率随着填充量的增加而增大,且增大幅度随着体积分数的增大而逐渐减小;界面热阻的存在阻碍了CNTs与橡胶基体之间的热传递,对复合材料的热导率有很大的影响,另外在不同体积分数下,随着界面热阻的增大,复合材料热导率都先开始减小,当界面热阻降低到一定大小时,复合材料的热导率随着界面热阻的增大都基本保持不变。
The representative volume element (RVE) model of oriented CNTs / rubber composites was established based on the continuum theory. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the composites was calculated by finite element method (FEM). The numerical results are compared with those of Nielsen model and Ce-WenNan model to verify the validity of the model. Based on this model, the influence of volume fraction of CNTs and interface thermal resistance on the thermal conductivity of composites was studied. The results show that the thermal conductivity of composites increases with the filling amount at low loading (0.2% ~ 1%), and decreases with the increase of volume fraction. The interfacial heat The existence of resistance hinders the heat transfer between the CNTs and the rubber matrix, which has a great influence on the thermal conductivity of the composite material. In addition, under the different volume fraction, with the increase of the interface thermal resistance, the thermal conductivity of the composite First began to decrease, when the interface thermal resistance reduced to a certain size, the thermal conductivity of the composite with the interface thermal resistance increases are basically unchanged.