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鼠疫的历史有很久了,从前在欧洲曾经有过一次大流行,三年之内死了二千五百万人。以后虽然没有流行过像这样大的鼠疫,但仍是常常发生。在中国,一九一○年到一九一一年,东北曾经发生过一次相当大的鼠疫,七个月里面死了有六万人。一九二○年到一九二一年,又曾经流行过一次,死亡有一万人。根据这些经验,我们知道,鼠疫是一种急性而且非常猛烈的传染病。鼠疫杆菌的菌体很小,长约二百万分之一寸,直径约有四百万分之一寸,一个针头的大小就可以放三十万万个。别看这种病菌小,但是毒力却很大,而且繁殖的又非常快,所以只需要几个鼠疫杆菌侵入到人的身体里
The plague has a long history. There was once a pandemic in Europe and 25 million people died in three years. Although there has been no popular plague like this, it still happens frequently. In China, from 1910 to 1911, there was a very large plague in the Northeast, and 60,000 people died in seven months. From 1920 to 1921, it once again became popular and there were 10,000 deaths. Based on these experiences, we know that plague is an acute and very violent infectious disease. The bacterial flora of Yersinia pestis is very small, about two-millionths of an inch long, about one-fourth of an inch in diameter, and the size of a needle can be put to three hundred thousand. Do not look at this small, but the virulence is very great, and the breeding is very fast, so only a few pest bacteria invade the human body