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目前,复合材料得到了越来越广泛的实际应用,而玻璃钢是复合材料中使用最广泛的代表。它们的破坏动理学和特性与传统均匀材料的破坏动理学和特性大不相同。这是由于下列原因引起的:复合材料的基体及填充物在物理-力学特性方面有重大的差别,复合材料的破坏起源于组分之间粘结的破坏和随后产生的大量微裂缝。这时,由于微观裂缝和分层的数量增加,而不是由于一个或者几个主裂纹的扩展(只有在最终破坏阶段才能出现主裂纹),在全部受到应力的体积中产生累积损伤。玻璃钢的破坏动理学的类似特性,在很大程度上限制了采用已知的估计疲劳累积损伤方法的可能性,并且要求得到在某个被检查体积内的结构损伤的综合准则。
Currently, composite materials have been more and more widely used, and FRP is the most widely used representative of composite materials. Their destruction kinematics and properties are quite different from the destruction kinematics and properties of traditional homogeneous materials. This is due to the following significant differences in the physical and mechanical properties of the matrix and the filler of the composite material. The failure of the composite material results from the failure of the bond between the components and the consequent mass of micro-cracks. At this time, cumulative damage is generated in the fully stressed volume due to the increase in the number of micro-cracks and delaminations, not due to the expansion of one or several main cracks (the main crack can only occur in the final failure phase). Similar behavior of FRP destruction kinematics greatly limits the possibility of using known methods of estimating fatigue accumulation damage and requires a comprehensive guideline of structural damage within a given volume to be inspected.