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目的评价健康教育项目在防治碘缺乏病中的效果。方法在济源市思礼镇所辖27个行政村范围内,随机抽取4个千人以上大村,对目标人群在健康教育项目前后进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行比较。结果健康教育后,目标人群碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率由健康教育前的25.56%提高至94.97%(χ2=193.215,P<0.001)。正确健康行为形成率由26.67%提高至93.22%(χ2=181.559,P<0.001)。目标人群从医生、学校、宣传栏、广播电视等途径,获得碘缺乏病防治知识的比例分别为26.82%、86.03%、95.53%、55.87%。结论健康教育活动是提高居民碘缺乏病防治知识、改变不健康行为方式,达到消除碘缺乏病目标的有效措施。
Objective To evaluate the effect of health education programs in the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Within the scope of 27 administrative villages under the jurisdiction of Si Li Town, Jiyuan City, 4 villages with more than a thousand people were randomly selected to survey the target population before and after the health education project, and the results of the survey were compared. Results After the health education, the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders among the target population increased from 25.56% before health education to 94.97% (χ2 = 193.215, P <0.001). The correct rate of healthy behavior increased from 26.67% to 93.22% (χ2 = 181.559, P <0.001). The proportion of target population receiving knowledge on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders from doctors, schools, billboards, and radio and television were 26.82%, 86.03%, 95.53% and 55.87% respectively. Conclusions Health education is an effective measure to improve the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders and change unhealthy behaviors and achieve the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.