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[目的]探讨油田作业工人噪声对高频听力损失患病率和血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶以及谷氨酰转肽酶的影响。[方法]采用横断面流行病学研究方法,对716名噪声作业工人和133名非噪声作业人员进行健康检查和听力测试,比较两组高频听力损失率,并检测其血清转氨酶进行比较。[结果]噪声组高频听力损失率30.73%(标化30.98%),明显高于非噪声组的23.31%(标化22.61%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.347,P=0.012)。噪声组中随年龄的增长高频听力损失率有增高的趋势(趋势χ2=4.917,P=0.027)。接触噪声工龄越长,高频听力损失率越高(趋势χ2=66.241,P=0.000)。噪声组谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶与谷氨酰转肽酶均明显高于非噪声组(分别为t=3.185,P=0.002;t=2.907,P=0.004;t=2.801,P=0.006)。[结论]长期噪声作业可引起听力损失,且噪声能引起体内谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶与谷氨酰转肽酶活性改变。
[Objective] To explore the influence of noise of oil field workers on the prevalence of high frequency hearing loss and serum AST, GPT and glutamyl transpeptidase. [Methods] With the method of cross-sectional epidemiology, 716 noise-exposed workers and 133 non-noise workers were inspected for health and hearing tests. The high-frequency hearing loss of the two groups were compared and the serum transaminases were tested. [Results] The hearing loss rate of high-frequency noise group was 30.73% (normalized 30.98%), which was significantly higher than that of non-noisy group (22.61%). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.347, P = 0.012). The frequency of hearing loss increased with age in the noise group (trend χ2 = 4.917, P = 0.027). The longer the service life of contact noise, the higher the frequency of high-frequency hearing loss (trend χ2 = 66.241, P = 0.000). The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamyl transpeptidase in the noisy group were significantly higher than those in the non-noisy group (t = 3.185, P = 0.002; t = 2.907, P = 0.004, t = 2.801, P = 0.006). [Conclusion] Long-term noise operation can cause hearing loss, and the noise can cause changes of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamyl transpeptidase activity in vivo.