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贸易中的虚拟水研究使人们认识到地区的水资源危机可以通过全球性的经济贸易来缓解。虚拟水的进出口是水资源的一个来源,通过贸易的形式、利用各种外部资源来缓解内部水资源的紧缺,最终解决水资源短缺和粮食安全问题,是社会实现水资源社会化管理、生态环境安全和社会经济可持续发展的战略保障。以浙江省为研究对象,首先利用各类农作物虚拟水含量标准,核算了1997～2006年10a间浙江省粮食贸易的虚拟水含量。然后比较浙江省全年用水量和用水结构,计算得出粮食贸易产生的年净进口虚拟水量占浙江省年总用水量7.41%左右,占到年农业灌溉用水的17.17%。研究结果表明,过去10a浙江省粮食贸易的虚拟水是浙江省水资源的一个重要的补充。
Virtual water studies in trade have led to the realization that regional water crises can be mitigated through global economic trade. Virtual water import and export is a source of water resources, through the use of various external resources to ease the shortage of internal water resources, the ultimate solution to water shortages and food security issues, social realization of social management of water resources, ecology Environmental Security and Social and Economic Sustainable Development Strategic Guarantee. Taking Zhejiang Province as the research object, the virtual water content of Zhejiang’s grain trade was calculated by using the virtual water content standard of all kinds of crops. Then the annual water consumption and water consumption structure of Zhejiang Province are compared to calculate that the annual net net import of virtual water produced by grain trade accounts for about 7.41% of annual total water consumption in Zhejiang Province and 17.17% of annual agricultural irrigation water use. The results show that in the past 10 years, Zhejiang Province, the virtual food trade in water is an important supplement to water resources in Zhejiang Province.